WHAT ARE C & D MATERIALS?


Construction and demolition (C&D) materials are generated when new building and civil-engineering structures are built and when existing buildings and civil-engineering structures are renovated or demolished (including deconstruction activities). Civil-engineering structures include public works projects, such as streets and highways, bridges, utility plants, piers, and dams.
C&D materials often contain bulky, heavy materials such as:
C&D materials often contain bulky, heavy materials such as:
Concrete
Wood (from buildings)
Asphalt (from roads and roofing shingles)
Gypsum (the main component of drywall)
Metals
Bricks
Glass
Plastics
Salvaged building components (doors, windows, and plumbing fixtures)
Trees, stumps, earth, and rock from clearing sites

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE RECYCLABLE C & D MATERIALS ?

Once your material is received, the recyclables are source separated and sent to recycling end markets where they will be repurposed.  Some examples of the repurposing of C & D recyclables are:
Crushed concrete and brick used in road construction, drainage
Concrete, block, masonry and other clean debris used as borrow pit fill
Concrete truck washout used to make onsite containing walls and bins
Reusable building supplies such as lumber and whole bricks
Remanufacture of wood chips into engineered woods
Wood fuels used in co-generation plants and industrial boilers
Horticultural mulches made from natural woody material
Dyed, decorative mulches made from construction debris wood
Wood chips used as bulking agent in bio-solids, compost, animal bedding
Planks and other dimensional lumber sawn from whole trees
Corrugated cardboard containers
Metals (steel, aluminum other non-ferrous) melted and remade into usable products
Recovered screened material (RSM) for DEP approved uses
Tires- Gravel substitute, crumb rubber, landfill medium, wastewater treatment filters, and garden mulch.
Gypsum -which can be used in the manufacture of new drywall, as an ingredient in the production of cement
application to soils and crops to improve soil drainage and plant growth, a major ingredient in the production of fertilizer products, and as an additive to composting operations.

WHY RECYCLE C & D?

C&D Materials in America  constitute a significant waste stream in the United States. These various C&D materials can be diverted from disposal and managed into new productive uses.
EPA’s waste characterization report, the Advancing Sustainable Materials Management: 2018 Fact Sheet, estimates the C&D material generation and the mass quantities of the generated materials that were directed to next use or sent to landfills in the United States. C&D materials included in the report are steel, wood products, drywall and plaster, brick and clay tile, asphalt shingles, concrete, and asphalt concrete. The generation estimates represent C&D material amounts from construction, renovation and demolition activities for buildings, roads and bridges, and other structures. “Next use” designates an intended next-use market for a C&D material, which depending on the material, may include fuel, manufactured products, aggregate, compost and mulch or soil amendment. Estimates are based on publicly available data from government and industry organizations.

The 2018 Fact Sheet shows:
  • 600 million tons of C&D debris were generated in the United States in 2018, which is more than twice the amount of generated municipal solid waste.
  • Demolition represents more than 90 percent of total C&D debris generation, while construction represents less than 10 percent.
  • Just over 455 million tons of C&D debris were directed to next use and just under 145 million tons were sent to landfills.
  • Aggregate was the main next use for the materials in the C&D debris.
Prior to adding C&D materials to the Advancing SMM Report, EPA examined the generation of C&D materials through separate studies. EPA estimated that 136 million tons of building-related C&D materials were generated in the United States in 1996. By 2003, almost 170 million tons of building-related C&D materials were generated. In 2003, nonresidential sources accounted for 61 percent of that amount. The largest building sector that generated C&D materials was nonresidential demolition followed by the residential renovation.

https://www.epa.gov/smm/sustainable-management-construction-and-demolition-materials

WHAT CAN YOU DO ?

Dispose of your C & D materials responsibly. Take steps to ensure that your C & D waste is being recycled. Whether you are a do-it-yourself-er, or an experienced professional, you can recycle.
Bringing your C & D waste to a material transfer / recycling station to have the waste sourced instead of sending it directly to a landfill.

Ask questions, if you have rented a dumpster for your project :
Ask the rental company what they do with the C & D waste.
Ask if it is recycled.